Background of the Study
Political party structures play a fundamental role in shaping the political landscape, particularly when it comes to the inclusion of women in elective positions. In Nigeria, gender bias within these structures has long been a barrier to women’s participation in politics, especially in local government elections (Bello & Salihu, 2024). In Jalingo Local Government Area, Taraba State, this bias is evident in the ways political parties organize their processes, from candidate selection to campaign strategies, often sidelining women or marginalizing them to lesser roles (Sani, 2023). This gender bias manifests in various forms, including the underrepresentation of women in party leadership, limited access to political networks, and the perpetuation of stereotypes about women’s political capabilities (Alhassan & Zubair, 2024). Although there has been progress in the inclusion of women in political discourse, particularly with the establishment of policies to promote women’s participation, gender bias remains a significant barrier to achieving gender parity in elective positions (Ngbor & Hassan, 2025). In the context of Jalingo, the study seeks to investigate how these biases within political party structures affect women’s ability to run for office and succeed in the political arena. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for formulating interventions that can encourage greater female participation in politics and, by extension, promote gender equality in governance (Kolo & Tukur, 2024).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
In Jalingo Local Government Area, as in many parts of Nigeria, gender bias within political party structures remains a significant obstacle to women’s participation in elective positions. Women often face numerous challenges, including discriminatory practices during the candidate selection process, limited financial resources for campaigning, and societal attitudes that question their ability to lead (Usman, 2023). These barriers prevent women from effectively participating in the political process, leading to their underrepresentation in elected offices. Despite the national and international emphasis on gender equality, political party structures in Jalingo have yet to adopt truly inclusive practices that foster women’s political empowerment. The continued underrepresentation of women in political leadership positions contributes to the gender inequality in governance and undermines the development of policies that address the needs of both men and women (Shuaibu, 2025). This study, therefore, aims to explore the effects of gender bias in political party structures on women’s participation in elective positions in Jalingo.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To assess the impact of gender bias in political party structures on women’s participation in elective positions in Jalingo Local Government Area.
To explore the barriers women face in political party structures that hinder their participation in elections.
To evaluate the effectiveness of policies designed to promote women’s participation in political party structures in Jalingo.
1.4 Research Questions
How does gender bias in political party structures affect women’s participation in elective positions in Jalingo?
What are the key barriers to women’s political participation within political party structures in Jalingo?
To what extent have policies aimed at promoting women’s political participation in Jalingo been effective?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
There is a significant relationship between gender bias in political party structures and the low participation of women in elective positions in Jalingo Local Government Area.
Societal attitudes and cultural norms significantly contribute to the barriers faced by women in political party structures in Jalingo.
Policies promoting women’s political participation have had a positive but limited impact on increasing women’s representation in elective positions in Jalingo.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The significance of this study lies in its potential to provide a deeper understanding of how gender bias within political party structures undermines women’s ability to participate in electoral politics in Jalingo. By identifying the specific barriers that women face and the impact of gender-biased practices, the study can contribute to the development of more inclusive party structures. The findings will be valuable to political party leaders, gender advocates, and policymakers in Taraba State and beyond, providing insights into the reforms needed to enhance women’s participation in politics. Moreover, the study will contribute to the broader national discourse on women’s political empowerment and gender equality, offering evidence-based recommendations that could inform policies aimed at promoting gender equity in political representation.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on Jalingo Local Government Area, Taraba State, and examines the impact of gender bias within political party structures on women’s participation in elective positions. The research will be limited to the experiences of women within the political party structures and will not explore other factors affecting women’s participation, such as socio-economic conditions or family dynamics. The study is also limited by the availability of respondents and data from political party officials.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Gender Bias: The unequal treatment or perception of individuals based on their gender, often manifesting as discrimination against women in political processes.
Political Party Structures: The organizational framework of political parties, including the processes and procedures for selecting candidates and conducting campaigns.
Elective Positions: Political offices that are filled through elections, including legislative and executive positions at local government levels.
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